Phospho-MST1 (Thr183)/MST2 (Thr180) Polyclonal antibody

Mammalian STE20-like serine-threonine kinase MST1, encoded by the STK4 gene, is a multifunctional protein. MST1 and its closest paralogs MST2 (encoded by the STK3 gene), MST3, and MST4 are members of the Class II Germinal Center Family of Protein Kinases. MST1/2 and LATS1/2 (large tumor suppressor 1 and 2) are core kinase components of the Hippo tumor suppressor pathway in mammalians . In the conventional Hippo pathway, the MST1/2 and LATS1/2 signaling cascade phosphorylates and inactivates the transcriptional coactivator YAP1 (yes associated protein 1) and its close paralog WWTR1]. YAP1 and WWTR1 do not have DNA binding domains and they exert their biological outputs, such as cell proliferation and survival, by interacting with the TEAD1-4 transcription factors. Lines of evidence have indicated that dysregulation or loss of STK4/Hippo signaling is linked to developmental disorders and carcinogenesis with poor prognosis. MST1 is a stress-induced kinase and it can be activated in response to cell-death inducers. Autophosphorylation of MST1 at Thr183 (Thr180 in MST2) in the activation loop is a key activation mechanism for MST1/2 because phosphorylation of Thr183/180 causes the cleavage of MST1 by caspases under apoptotic conditions.